These are super basic to anyone who knows Unix. However as I know barely enough to do damage, I will accumulate a hopefully ever-increasing set of tricks here.
ls -a: Lists the files and folders in the current working directory
ls -l: Lists the files and folders in the current working directory, with permissions
ls -a -R | more: Gives a list of all the files in the current directory as well as all the subdirectories. "since this is likely to be a long listing, it's 'piped' into *more* so the display pauses at the end of each screen."
ls -a -R > files.txt: this will print a list of the files into a new text file. It would be good to add an other part about printing it to a directory on one's local computer.